“Beware the Bite: WHO Raises Chikungunya Concern”. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a global warning about the resurgence of chikungunya, a mosquito-borne viral disease that could potentially lead to a widespread epidemic. This alert comes after a significant increase in cases across various regions, including the Indian Ocean islands, parts of Africa, Southeast Asia, and even Europe.
What Is Chikungunya?
Chikungunya is transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The disease is characterized by sudden onset of fever, severe joint pain, rash, and fatigue. While the fatality rate is low, the joint pain can be debilitating and may persist for weeks or even months, leading to long-term disability in some cases.
Recent Outbreaks and Global Spread
The current wave of chikungunya cases began in early 2025 in Indian Ocean islands such as La Réunion, Mayotte, and Mauritius. In La Réunion, it’s estimated that one-third of the population has been infected. The virus has since spread to parts of Africa, including Madagascar, Somalia, and Kenya, and has shown signs of epidemic transmission in Southeast Asia, notably India.
In Europe, both imported and local cases have been reported. France has documented around 800 cases since May, with 12 local transmission episodes in its southern regions. Italy has also confirmed a local case. These developments have raised concerns about the virus’s expanding geographical reach amid changing climatic conditions.
WHO’s Concerns and Recommendations
WHO’s medical officer, Diana Rojas Alvarez, highlighted that the current situation mirrors the early warning signs of the major chikungunya epidemic that occurred in 2004-2005, which affected nearly half a million people, primarily in small island territories, before spreading globally.
With approximately 5.6 billion people across 119 countries at risk, the WHO emphasizes the urgent need for robust prevention strategies. These include mosquito control measures, increased public awareness, and coordinated international efforts to contain the spread of the virus before it escalates further.
Vulnerable Populations and Long-Term Effects
Certain groups are at higher risk of severe outcomes from chikungunya infection. These include newborns, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions. While the overall fatality rate is low, widespread infection could result in thousands of deaths.
The long-term effects of chikungunya are also a concern. The severe joint pain associated with the disease can lead to chronic arthritis-like symptoms that may last up to five years, significantly impacting the quality of life for affected individuals.
Prevention and Control Measures
Preventing chikungunya primarily involves controlling mosquito populations and protecting individuals from mosquito bites. Recommended measures include:
- Eliminating mosquito breeding sites by removing standing water in containers.
- Using insect repellents and wearing long-sleeved clothing.
- Installing window and door screens to prevent mosquito entry.
- Employing insecticide-treated nets and sprays in areas with high mosquito activity.
Public health experts stress the importance of awareness and implementing effective preventive strategies, especially during the monsoon season when mosquito breeding peaks.